The National Council for Peace and Order (NCPO) has ordered state enterprises to seek approval from the junta before undertaking any project worth more than 100 million baht.
The junta also called on all 56 state enterprise boards to review privileges given to their members to shore up their fiscal positions.
The orders were given during a meeting between Gen Chatchai Sarikallaya, deputy chief of the junta's economic affairs team, and state enterprise representatives.
Gen Chatchai emphasised that projects worth more than 100 million baht must be submitted to the Finance Ministry for screening and later to the military rulers for final approval.
A source said this order also applied to existing projects whose procurement contracts had yet to be signed.
Those project lists would need to be screened by the junta before they can proceed.
Gen Chatchai also asked the boards to submit proposals on benefit cuts to the Finance Ministry for consideration, NCPO spokesman Capt Yongyuth Maiyalap said.
The Thai Airways International board was among the first to slash perks for its members. The airline's board, which is chaired by NCPO deputy chief ACM Prajin Juntong, has agreed to scrap generous free-flight benefits for its members.
According to Capt Yongyuth, Gen Chatchai also stressed the need for all state enterprises to be more transparent and accountable and to improve their efficiency.
Gen Chatchai also suggested the boards review their roles and make changes in line with the NCPO policy of streamlined and transparent operations, accountability and good governance.
Saturday's meeting came after several leaders of state enterprises stepped aside after the coup to pave the way for sweeping structural changes. Among those who resigned were Sqn Ldr Sita Divari, chairman of Airports of Thailand; Pheu Thai former deputy leader Parnpree Bahiddha-nukara, chairman of energy giant PTT; and Norkun Sitthiphong, a former energy permanent secretary, who was chair of PTT affiliate Thai Oil.
According to Capt Yongyuth, Gen Chatchai also asked state enterprise boards to speed up disbursement of the 2014 annual budget.
In his weekly address broadcast on Friday night, coup leader Gen Prayuth Chan-ocha thanked the members of state enterprise boards who had resigned to pave the way for restructuring.
"The NCPO thanks the boards which understand and make way for improvements," Gen Prayuth said. "The management of state enterprise boards must be transparent, efficient and accountable. The NCPO's legal affairs team has been told to figure out how to solve this problem."