AMBALANTOTA, SRI LANKA: Sri Lankan police used water cannon to break up violent clashes on Saturday between government supporters and villagers marching against what they say is a plan to take over private land for an industrial zone in which China will have a major stake.
The clashes took place as Prime Minister Ranil Wickremesinghe was attending an opening ceremony for the industrial zone near the port city of Hambantota, about 240 kilometres southeast of the capital, Colombo.
Government supporters armed with clubs first attacked protesters organised by the opposition and led by Buddhist monks in Amabalantota, 22km from Hambantota. The protesters responded by throwing rocks.
It was not clear how many people were injured, but several people were seen being taken away in ambulances.
The government has signed an agreement for a 99-year lease of the Hambantota port with a company in which China will have 80% ownership. Officials also plan to set up the nearby industrial zone where Chinese companies will be invited to set up factories. The villagers and monks are opposed to it and demand their residential and farmlands be spared.
A court had issued a restraining order on the protest, saying it could lead to unrest.
China invested US$1.2 billion in the port in what some analysts call its "string of pearls'' strategy in countries surrounding its rival India. Although the project has seen losses since 2010, Sri Lanka's government, at first critical of the enterprise, approached China seeking help to make it viable.
Lawmaker DV Chanaka, one of the protest organisers, said he fears the port area will become a "Chinese colony".
"We are against leasing the lands where people live and do their farming, while there are identified lands for an industrial zone,'' Chanaka said. "When you give away such a vast area of land, you can't stop the area from becoming a Chinese colony.''
After the lease expires, it can be negotiated for another 99 years, according to the framework agreement, whose terms are still being negotiated. The government also has proposed to lease 15,000 acres (6,070 hectares) in Hambantota district and adjoining Moneragala district for the industrial zone.
The Rev. Magama Mahanama, from a group calling itself the Monks' Organization to Protect National Assets, said that the clergy, following an ancient tradition, would issue a decree to the government to stop the leasing. Historically, kings in predominantly Buddhist Sri Lanka are said to have abided by decrees issued by Buddhist monks.
"It's a way of conveying the message that the monks are not for it,'' Mahanama said. "Ninety-nine years means at least two generations. When they (the Chinese) take root here, what's the guarantee that we will have it back? There is a major threat of cultural erosion and demographic change.''
Prime Minister Wickremesinghe, speaking to reporters earlier this week, said the partnership arrangement was necessary to free the country from the debt incurred to build the port. He blamed the debt on former president Mahinda Rajapaksa, whose government was friendly to Beijing.
Wickremesinghe said the industrial zone was necessary to make the port and the nearby Chinese-financed airport, also running at a heavy loss, viable.
"The port can't be taken away,'' he said, adding that his country's former British colonial rulers did not take away the Trincomalee harbour or the Colombo port.