Yemeni leader Abdrabuh Mansur Hadi offered to resign on Thursday amid a standoff with a powerful Shiite militia in control of the capital, throwing his country deeper into political turmoil.
Shiite Huthi militiamen wearing uniforms confiscated from the Yemeni army stand at a barrier in the area around the house of the country's president in Sanaa, on January 22, 2015
In his letter of resignation Hadi, a key US ally in the fight against Al-Qaeda, said he could no longer stay in office as the country was in "total deadlock".
"I believe that I have not been able to achieve the goals for which I took up my duties," he said, adding that Yemen's political leaders had failed "to lead the country to calmer waters."
Prime Minister Khalid Bahah also tendered his resignation, saying he did want to be part of the collapse of the country.
A senior official told AFP that Yemen's parliament had rejected Hadi's resignation.
"Parliament... refused to accept the president's resignation and decided to call an extraordinary session for Friday morning," the official said, speaking on condition of anonymity.
The shock announcements came after the militia, known as Huthis, tightened their grip on Sanaa this week after seizing almost full control of the capital in September.
They had maintained fighters around key buildings on Thursday and continued holding a top presidential aide they kidnapped on Saturday, despite a deal to end what authorities called a coup attempt.
The potential fall of Hadi's Western-backed government will raise serious concerns of strategically important but impoverished Yemen collapsing into complete chaos.
- Al-Qaeda power base -
The country is an important power base for Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP), the Yemeni and Saudi branch of the international jihadist network.
AQAP is considered Al-Qaeda's most dangerous affiliate and claimed responsibility for this month's deadly attack on French satirical weekly Charlie Hebdo.
Yemen has allowed the United States to carry out repeated drone attacks on Al-Qaeda militants in its territory.
Hadi is from Yemen's formerly independent south and in recent days southern officials have taken steps to back his rule, including closing the air and sea ports in main city Aden.
The security and military committee for four of south Yemen's provinces, including Aden, said in a statement late Thursday it would not take orders from Sanaa following Hadi's resignation.
In Washington, State Department spokeswoman Jen Psaki said the United States was assessing the fast-moving events.
"Our team is seeking confirmation of all of the reports," Psaki told reporters, adding that so far there was no move to close the US embassy in Sanaa.
"We continue to support a peaceful transition. We've urged all parties and continue to urge all parties to abide by... the peace and national partnership agreement," she said.
After heavy fighting between government forces and the Huthis this week that killed at least 35 people, the UN Security Council and Yemen's Gulf neighbours had all voiced support for Hadi's continued rule.
The Huthis swept into Sanaa last year from their stronghold in the far north, demanding a greater say in the country's affairs, and refused to abandon the capital despite a UN-negotiated deal.
The situation escalated on Saturday when the militiamen seized top presidential aide Ahmed Awad bin Mubarak in an apparent bid to extract changes to a draft constitution, which the Huthis oppose because it would divide Yemen into six federal regions.
The militiamen say it would split the country into rich and poor areas.
In the ensuing days pitched battles erupted, with the Huthis eventually seizing Hadi's offices in the presidential palace, attacking his residence and surrounding the home of the prime minister Bahah.
- 'Pray to protect Yemen' -
"We do not want to be a party to what is happening and what is about to happen," Bahah said in his letter of resignation, adding that the government refused "to take responsibility for the actions of others".
He also offered his "apologies to the patient people of Yemen" and said: "We pray to Allah to protect Yemen."
There had been hope the crisis would be resolved after the nine-point deal was struck late on Wednesday.
In return for concessions over the disputed draft constitution, the Huthis agreed to vacate the presidential palace, free Mubarak, withdraw from areas surrounding the residences of Hadi and Bahah, and abandon checkpoints across the capital.
But during the day Thursday, officials said they were not yet honouring the deal.
The UN envoy to Yemen, Moroccan diplomat Jamal Benomar, had arrived in the country on Thursday for talks with the political rivals, but they were swiftly overtaken by events.
Yemen has been riven by instability since an uprising forced strongman Ali Abdullah Saleh from power in 2012.
Saleh has been accused of backing the Huthis -- who are from the same Zaidi sect of Shiite Islam as the ex-leader -- as has Shiite-dominated Iran.
The turmoil has raised fears that Yemen, which neighbours oil giant Saudi Arabia and lies on the key shipping route from the Suez Canal to the Gulf, may become a failed state similar to Somalia.
Since overrunning the capital, the Huthis have pushed farther south and east, meeting fierce resistance by Al-Qaeda and Sunni tribal fighters.
The Huthis have long complained of marginalisation and fought six wars with the government between 2004 and February 2010.