Immigration police arrested two wanted felons, an Italian national and a Taiwanese, in separate operations on Thursday.
Giuseppa Trubia was captured at an apartment in Pattaya, Immigration chief Pol Lt Gen Pharnu Kerdlarpphon said.
Mr Trubia, 38, had escaped Italian authorities and fled to Thailand after a court sentence on rape charges, he said, but did not provide details.
Chen Kuo-shun, 37, was arrested at a department store in Wang Thonglang district after police had been alerted to his presence in Thailand by the Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Thailand, Pol Lt Gen Phranu said.
Mr Chen fled Taiwan after a drug verdict against him had been handed down by a Taiwanese court, he added.