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FLASHCARDS

Intermediate

Trade and tariffs

Deepen your understanding of global markets. These flashcards cover essential terms in international trade and economics. Ideal for Economics and International Relations students, business professionals and curious learners alike. Download the PDF or print now.

  • tariff
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    /ˈtær.ɪf/
    a government charge on goods entering or leaving a country
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    ภาษีศุลกากร
  • reciprocal
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    /rɪˈsɪp.rə.kəl/
    involving two people or organisations who agree to help each other by behaving in the same way or by giving each other similar advantages
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    ต่างตอบแทนกัน
  • sanction
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    /ˈsæŋk.ʃən/
    an official action taken against a government to force it to behave in a particular way or as punishment for not doing so
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    การลงโทษ
  • subsidy
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    /ˈsʌb.sɪ.di/
    money given by a government or an organisation to reduce the cost of producing food, a product, etc. and to help to keep prices low
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    เงินอุดหนุน
  • retaliation
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    /rɪˌtæl.iˈeɪ.ʃən/
    the act of hurting someone or doing something harmful to someone because they have done or said something harmful to you
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    การตอบโต้
  • quota
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    /ˈkwəʊ.tə/
    a fixed, limited amount or number that is officially allowed
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    โควตา
  • export
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    /ɪkˈspɔːt/
    to send goods to another country for sale
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    ส่งออก
  • import
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    /ɪmˈpɔːt/
    to buy or bring in products from another country
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    นำเข้า
  • surplus
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    /ˈsɜː.pləs/
    an amount that is more than is needed
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    ส่วนเกิน
  • deficit
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    ˈdef.ɪ.sɪt/
    the amount by which something, especially an amount of money, is smaller than it should be
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    ปริมาณที่ขาด, การขาดดุล
  • trade war
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    /treɪd wɔːr/
    a situation in which two or more countries raise import taxes and quotas to try to protect their own economies
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    สงครามการค้า
  • exemption
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    /ɪɡˈzemp.ʃən/
    special permission not to do or pay something
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    การยกเว้น
  • levy
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    /ˈlev.i/
    an amount of money, such as a tax, that you have to pay to a government or organisation
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    การจัดเก็บภาษี
  • bilateral
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    /ˌbaɪˈlæt.ər.əl/
    involving two groups or countries
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    เกี่ยวกับกลุ่มทางการเมืองสองกลุ่ม
  • negotiation
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    /nəˌɡəʊ.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/
    the process of discussing something with someone in order to reach an agreement with them, or the discussions themselves
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    การเจรจาต่อรอง
  • protectionism
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    /prəˈtek.ʃən.ɪ.zəm/
    the actions of a government to help its country's trade or industry by taxing goods bought from other countries
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    ลัทธิการคุ้มครองทางการค้า
  • diplomacy
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    /dɪˈpləʊ.mə.si/
    the management of relationships between countries
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    การทูต
  • bloc
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    /blɒk/
    a group of countries or people that have similar political interests
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    กลุ่ม
  • multilateral
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    /ˌmʌl.tiˈlæt.ər.əl/
    involving more than two groups or countries
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    พหุภาคี, หลายฝ่าย
  • escalation
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    /ˌes.kəˈleɪ.ʃən/
    a situation in which something becomes greater or more serious
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    การปรับค่าสูงขึ้น
  • repercussion
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    /ˌriː.pəˈkʌʃ.ən/
    the effect that an action, event, or decision has on something, especially a bad effect
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    ผลสะท้อน, การสะท้อนกลับ
  • agreement
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    /əˈɡriː.mənt/
    a decision or arrangement, often formal and written, between two or more groups or people
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    ข้อตกลง
  • revoke
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    /rɪˈvəʊk/
    to say officially that an agreement, permission, a law, etc. is no longer in effect
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    เพิกถอน
  • restriction
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    /rɪˈstrɪk.ʃən/
    an official limit on something
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    การจำกัด, ข้อจำกัด
  • treaty
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    /ˈtriː.ti/
    a written agreement between two or more countries, formally approved and signed by their leaders
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    สนธิสัญญา
  • ratify
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    /ˈræt.ɪ.faɪ/
    to make an agreement official
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    อนุมัติ, ให้สัตยาบัน
  • balance of trade
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    /ˈbæləns əv treɪd/
    the difference between the money that a country receives from exports and the money it spends on imports
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    ดุลการค้า
  • embargo
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    /ɪmˈbɑː.ɡəʊ/
    an order to temporarily stop something, especially trading or giving information
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    การห้ามค้าขาย
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