VENICE: A documentary tracing an artist's campaign against the family behind the US opioid drug epidemic scooped the Golden Lion, the top prize at the Venice Film Festival on Saturday.
Cate Blanchett won her second Venice acting award for her intense role as a predatory classical music conductor in "Tar" -- having won in 2008 for her unexpected turn as Bob Dylan in "I'm Not There".
She vowed to "drink a lot of red wine" out of the Volpi Cup she was awarded, and thanked "people around the world who make music which has kept us going in the last couple of years".
And Colin Farrell was named best actor for his part in the pitch-black Irish drama "The Banshees of Inisherin", which also won the best screenplay award for writer-director Martin McDonagh.
But the jury, led by Julianne Moore, determined that the best of the 23 films in competition was "All the Beauty and the Bloodshed".
It is the latest documentary from Oscar-winner Laura Poitras, who previously made history as the first contact with whistleblower Edward Snowden when he exposed massive surveillance by the National Security Agency.
Her new film explores the traumatic and brilliant life of photographer Nan Goldin, and her recent campaign to publicly shame the Sackler family who own the pharmaceutical firm behind painkiller Oxycontin.
"I've known a lot of brave and courageous people in my life but I've never known anyone like Nan," Poitras said as she picked up the award.
"Someone who could decide to take on the billionaire Sackler family, which is ruthless and responsible for countless deaths and so much bloodshed."
The opioid addiction crisis has caused more than 500,000 overdose deaths in the United States over the past 20 years -- and the Sackler's company has been ordered to pay up to $6 billion in damages.
Cannibal wins
Taylor Russell won the best newcomer award for "Bones and All" in which she played alongside Timothee Chalamet as lovelorn cannibals.
Italy's Luca Guadagnino also won best director for the film, which saw him reunited with Chalamet following their Oscar-nominated "Call Me By Your Name".
The Special Jury prize went to "No Bears" by Iran's Jafar Panahi who in July was imprisoned for "propaganda against the system". His detention was the subject of a flash-mob protest Friday on the Venice red carpet, led by Moore.
"All of us, by standing up for the power of cinema, are standing here for Jafar Panahi," said one of the film's stars, Mina Kavani, accepting the award on his behalf.
The second place Silver Lion went to "Saint Omer" by French director Alice Diop, inspired by the true story of a Senegalese migrant on trial for infanticide in France.
Mixed reviews
It was a high-profile year for the Venice Film Festival, which is considered a launchpad for Oscar campaigns.
Critics were deeply divided over many of the films, but it was a stellar year for individual actors.
There were rave reviews for Brendan Fraser, making an unlikely comeback from the Hollywood wilderness as a morbidly obese English professor in "The Whale".
And Hugh Jackman's performance as a father dealing with a depressed teenager in "The Son" was labelled the best of his career.
Netflix had been hoping for a big year, but its much-hyped Marilyn Monroe biopic, "Blonde", tested the patience of many critics, despite acclaim for its Cuban star Ana de Armas.
