The House of Representatives unanimously voted for an opposition-sponsored motion calling for a referendum on the charter rewrite after the voting was deferred for over a month.
The motion on Thursday received votes of support from 323 MPs with one abstention and seven no votes.
It still needs support from the Senate to turn it into action. The Senate has not scheduled the meeting.
The constitution requires the government to be notified about the motion after it is approved by the lower and upper houses.
The motion, proposed verbally on grounds of its urgency, calls for the government to hold a public referendum on the rewrite of the constitution. It also suggests the referendum be held on the same day as the next general election.
Voting for the motion was adjourned from the House convention on Sept 15 due to the lack of quorum.
The Senate was appointed by the coup-making National Council for Peace and Order led by then-army chief Gen Prayut Chan-o-cha.
The motion was proposed by the opposition Pheu Thai and Move Forward parties as they cited several flaws in the constitution, including the role of senators in joining MPs to elect a prime minister.
The Move Forward Party said on Thursday it planned to propose to Parliament to add another question in the referendum on whether the people want to have an entirely new constitution.