Hong Kong's public universities record highest number of dropouts since 2004

HONG KONG: Hong Kong's eight publicly-funded universities last year recorded the highest number of dropouts since at least 2004, with more than 2,100 students quitting school amid the double whammy of social unrest and the Covid-19 pandemic.

New figures released by the University Grants Committee, the main funding body for the city's public institutions of higher learning, also showed that some schools were hit harder than others, with one experiencing a 40% increase in dropouts in 2019-20 compared to the previous academic year.

Most universities cited personal and family issues as the main reasons for the withdrawals, but student leaders said some of their peers had dropped out to pursue studies overseas following 2019's anti-government protests.

The dismal figures came hot on the heels of previous surveys showing dozens of primary and secondary schools similarly reporting more students dropping out over the past year, including at traditionally elite institutions, with many of the youths leaving Hong Kong altogether.

"The number of [university] students withdrawing has obviously seen an increase … We also hope to know the exact reasons, but it is not easy," said Lau Chi-pang, Lingnan University's associate vice-president of academic affairs and external relations.

In the 2019-20 academic year, a total of 2,120 undergraduate and postgraduate students withdrew from the city's eight publicly-funded universities, up 15% from 1,848 in 2018-19, according to statistics from the grants committee.

City University and Education University were the only public funded institutions that did not see an uptick in dropouts. PolyU, meanwhile, had the most, with 505 students dropping out, about 40% more than the 359 who quit the previous year.

The University of Hong Kong and the University of Science and Technology saw 357 and 207 students withdraw, respectively, up 36 and 35% from 2018-19. Chinese University had 311 students withdraw - a 13% rise.

The grant committee figures included both local and non-local students.

PolyU and Chinese University saw some of the most significant damage during the 2019 social unrest after protesters occupied their campuses and engaged in fiery clashes with police.

Edy Jeh Tsz-lam, a student representative of HKU's governing council and the former president of its student union, said she believed some of the dropouts could be non-local students returning to their home countries because of the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic, but others were local students who chose to leave Hong Kong and study elsewhere.

She said she had heard of students transferring to universities in Taiwan and Britain, while others had quit university to reapply to study other subjects because of changing personal goals.

"For instance, a friend of mine who was studying law told me [during the 2019 protests] that she was considering quitting university and reapplying for dentistry, as she believed studying law and [entering the legal sector] in Hong Kong was no longer meaningful," Jeh said, pointing to critics' remarks about declining confidence in the local judicial system.

PolyU student union president Alan Wu Wai-kuen said he had peers who had chosen to pursue their studies elsewhere after dropping out, including some who had moved to Australia and Canada.

In replies to the South China Morning Post, Baptist, Polytechnic, Education and Lingnan universities only cited personal reasons as the main cause of student withdrawals. A Chinese University spokeswoman, however, added that students transferring to other local institutions or overseas universities was also a major factor.

The dropout figures for 2019-20 were highest since the 2003-04 academic year - the earliest for which grants committee data was immediately available. About 1,704 students withdrew from local universities that year, with the number of dropouts ultimately hitting a low of 1,057 in 2010/11. It eventually rose again, however, and has hovered at around 1,800 a year since 2015.

Lau, of Lingnan University - which saw a 33% rise in dropouts in 2019/20 - said studies should be carried out to determine the precise reasons behind students' decisions to quit, maintaining that neither Covid-19 nor politics could be definitively said to be the cause.

"The government should maybe also look into the phenomenon. It is not just universities being affected," he said, pointing to the concurrent rise in dropouts at primary and secondary schools. "It is, after all, not an isolated topic."